Question

Which temperature represents the highest average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter ?

a. 298 KB) 267 KC) 27 degrees Celsius
d. 12 degrees Celsius

Answer 1

Option a, 298 K, represents the highest average kinetic energy since the Kelvin temperature scale is directly proportional to average kinetic energy, and 298 K is the highest temperature provided when converted correctly from Celsius to Kelvin.

Step-by-step explanation:

The question asked is 'Which temperature represents the highest average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter?' Comparing the temperatures provided in different units, option a (298 K) represents the highest temperature. We know that absolute zero is 0 K and that the average kinetic energy of the particles increases with the temperature. Kelvin is the unit directly proportional to average kinetic energy, therefore, 298 K has the highest average kinetic energy since it is the greatest in Kelvin units. The temperatures listed as 267 K, 27 degrees Celsius (300 K) and 12 degrees Celsius (285 K) are all lower than 298 K. Since average kinetic energy is proportional to temperature, the higher the temperature in Kelvins, the greater the average kinetic energy of the particles.

Answer 2

Answer: Option C is correct.

Explanation: Average kinetic energy is directly proportional to the absolute temperature. Higher the temperature means higher the kinetic energy.

Average kinetic energy is given by:

`K.E._(avg)=(3kT)/(2)`

Where, k = Boltzman constant

T = Temperature

We are given different temperatures, so to compare they all should have the same units.

a) 298K

b) 267K

c) 27°C = 273+27 = 300K

d) 12°C = 273+12 = 285K

Looking at the temperature values, C part will have the highest average kinetic energy.