Answer:
A map projection is a system of graphic representation that establishes an orderly relationship between the points of the Earth's curved surface and those of a flat surface (map). These points are located using a network of meridians and parallels, in the form of a mesh. The only way to avoid distortions of this projection would be to use a spherical map.
In a projected coordinate system, points are identified by Cartesian coordinates (x and y) in a mesh whose origin depends on the cases. These types of coordinates are obtained mathematically from the geographical coordinates (longitude and latitude), which are not projected.
Flat representations of the earth's sphere are called maps, and those in charge of developing them or cartography specialists are called cartographers.