Answer:
D. Judaism
Step-by-step explanation:
Judaism is one of the three major monotheistic religions in the world. Belief considered as religion, philosophy and way of life is the oldest religious tradition in the world that preaches the existence of a single god. Despite being the religion of the oldest monotheism, it is the one with the fewest adherents.
The Hebrews are of Semitic origin (peoples who arose in Asia, descendants of Noah). According to the Bible, the Hebrews, due to drought (famine), migrated to Egypt (staying 400 years), where they were enslaved by the Egyptians. The Hebrew civilization, led by Moses, returned to Canaan (Exodus).
After the division of the twelve tribes of Israel, huge crises followed in the year 721 a. C. The Assyrians subjected the Kingdom of Israel to their rule, which led to the disappearance of the ten tribes. In the year 596 BC, the Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar conquered the Kingdom of Judah, submitting it to the so-called 'Captivity of Babylon' (Jewish prisoners in the city-state of Babylon).
The Jews were released from Babylon in the year 538 BC after the Persian conquest. Subsequently, Jewish civilization returned to Canaan, a region that came to be dominated in 332 BC by Alexander, king of Macedonia. In 63 BC the Macedonians and Canaan were conquered by the Romans; and the Jews organized revolts harshly rebuked by Rome. Being expelled from Palestine, they came out in diaspora (dispersion) around the world.
In medieval Europe, they occupied mainly the region of the Iberian Peninsula (Portugal and Spain). Before the year 1000, they had religious freedom and influenced cultural and scientific development. In the year 1095, they began to be persecuted by Christians, because the Catholic Church held Jews responsible for the death of Jesus Christ. From this fact, the Jewish civilization suffered constant attacks in the European cities; Cloistered in the ghettos, thousands of Jews fell victim to the Holy Inquisition (Catholic Church Court judging heretics).
From the Modern Age, the Jews were expelled from the Iberian Peninsula. The vast majority of Jewish communities had to settle in Protestant regions (northern Europe). Following the advent of Universal Human Rights, during the French Revolution, Jews began to enjoy some religious freedom and developed various activities on the European continent in various sectors, such as: banks and industries; besides intellectual activities, such as: science, arts and philosophy (mainly).
With great economic and intellectual rise in the nineteenth century, several countries began to accuse the Jewish community of wanting to dominate them. In this context, ideas of aversion and prejudice against Jews (anti-Semitism) began to emerge. Still in the nineteenth century, the desire arose among Jewish civilization to return to its original territory, Palestine, and create a Jewish state in that territory. It was Zionism, thousands of Jews returned, fleeing European anti-Semitism.
In the twentieth century, the Jewish community fell victim to one of the greatest atrocities in history, the so-called holocaust. Established by Nazi leader Adolf Hitler during World War II (1939-1945), six million Jews were subjected to concentration camps, tortured and killed.
After the war ended, the Zionist movement called on the United Nations to create the state of Israel in Palestine. In 1948 the Jewish State was created - contrary to the Palestinians and Arabs living in the region, thousands of Jews returned. Since the creation of the State of Israel, various ethnic conflicts and wars have become constant in the region known as the Gaza Strip.