Answer:
It is known as suburban sprawl to the phenomenon of the spread of a city and its neighborhoods to rural land on the periphery of an urban area. Residents of expanding neighborhoods tend to live in single-family homes and travel by car to work. Low population density is an indicator of dispersion.
The process of suburban sprawl has, in general, negative connotations due to the damage to health and environmental issues that the expansion creates. Residents of expanding neighborhoods tend to emit more pollution per person and suffer more fatalities from traffic. Dispersion is controversial, with advocates claiming that consumers prefer the lower density of neighborhoods and that expansion does not necessarily increase traffic. Dispersion is also linked to the increase in obesity as walking and riding a bicycle are not viable options for moving to the center of the city. Dispersion has a negative impact on land and the quantity and quality of water and can be linked to a decrease in social capital.