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Communism took hold in China before World War II.

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Under leader, Mao Zedong, the Communists had a stronghold in northwestern China. By 1945, Communists controlled much of northern china because they won the peasant’s loyalty. While north China was becoming a Communist region, southwestern China under Jiang Jieshi, was protected from the Japanese by rugged mountain ranges. The United States sent many supplies and money to help fight the Japanese. After Japan surrendered, the Nationalists and Communists resumed their fighting. Mao Zing’s victory in this battle fueled U.S. anti-Communist feelings. China had split into two nations – one was the island of Taiwan, or Nationalist China and the mainland, Republic of China.

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