Final answer:
The command systems of the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe failed mostly due to economic inefficiency, lack of individual freedom, and external pressures. The command economy led to shortages and lack of innovation, while political repression stifled creativity and initiative.
Step-by-step explanation:
The command systems of the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe failed mostly because of various factors. One of the main reasons was the economic inefficiency and lack of competition inherent in a command economy. In a command economy, the government determines what will be produced, how it will be produced, and how resources will be allocated, which often leads to shortages, inefficiency, and a lack of innovation.
Another reason for the failure of the Soviet command system was the lack of individual freedom and political repression. The Soviet Union's totalitarian regime suppressed personal liberties, limited freedom of speech and expression, and denied basic human rights to its citizens. This stifled creativity, initiative, and the ability to adapt to changing conditions.
Furthermore, the collapse of the Soviet Union can also be attributed to external factors such as the arms race with the United States and the economic strain of maintaining control over its satellite states in Eastern Europe. These factors, coupled with political and social unrest within the Soviet Union and its satellite states, ultimately led to the downfall of the command systems.