Question

Given the equations below, what is the total enthalpy change for the formation of phosphorus pentachloride, PCl5, when phosphorus is burned in excess chlorine?

P4(s) + 6Cl2(g) → 4PCl3(g), ∆H = –1224 kJ

4PCl3(g) + 4Cl2(g) → 4PCl5(g), ∆H = –372 kJ

P4(s) + 10Cl2(g) → 4PCl5(g)

A.852 kJ
B.–852 kJ
C.–1596 kJ
D.1596 kJ

Answer 1

We are given the following balanced chemical equations:

P4(s) + 6Cl2(g) → 4PCl3(g), ∆H = –1224 kJ

4PCl3(g) + 4Cl2(g) → 4PCl5(g), ∆H = –372 kJ

adding the two equations, we arrive at a final equation:

P4(s) + 10Cl2(g) → 4PCl5(g)

Now, we need to find the total enthalpy of this reaction. Add both enthalpies of the two initial equations:

∆H = –372 kJ + -1224 kJ
∆H = –1596 kJ

Therefore, the total enthalpy change of burning phosphorus with chlorine is -1596 kJ, meaning the reaction is exothermic and produces heat.