The correct answer is the following: option A. The Crusades was the result of politicians and religious leaders' desire to control the Holy Land in the 11th century.
The Crusades were a series of religious and political wars fought between 1096 and 1291 in order to gain control over the Holy Land. The First Crusade that started in 1096 was initiated by Pope Urban II, in order to aid the Byzantine Empire that was Christian, against the Muslim Turks.
The Crusading movement involved men and women from every country in Europe and affected almost every aspect of the daily life of European citizens, which was plasmated into the arts, politics and economics.