Question

What functions are controlled by the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 1

The autonomic nervous system controls various organ systems in the body, including the heart, blood vessels, and digestive system. It consists of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions which have opposing effects on the body's functions.

Step-by-step explanation:

The autonomic nervous system, which controls involuntary functions, is responsible for regulating various organ systems in the body. These include the heart, lungs, blood vessels, digestive system, exocrine and endocrine glands, and smooth muscles.

For example, the autonomic nervous system controls heart rate by regulating the contraction and relaxation of the cardiac muscles. It also controls the diameter of blood vessels, influencing blood flow and blood pressure. In the digestive system, the autonomic nervous system controls smooth muscle contractions and glandular secretions, aiding in digestion.

The autonomic nervous system consists of two divisions: the sympathetic nervous system, which initiates the fight-or-flight response and prepares the body for action, and the parasympathetic nervous system, which promotes rest and digestion.

Answer 2

The autonomic nervous system controls internal body processes such as the following:
Blood pressure.
Heart and breathing rates.
Body temperature.
Digestion.
Metabolism (thus affecting body weight)
The balance of water and electrolytes (such as sodium and calcium)
The production of body fluids (saliva, sweat, and tears)