Final answer:
To calculate the height of the cliff, use the equation h = 2g and the values for the initial velocity and angle. Plug these values into the equation h = v_y * t - 0.5 * g * t^2 to find the height of the arrow.
Step-by-step explanation:
The equation h = 2g defines the maximum height of a projectile and depends only on the vertical component of the initial velocity. In this case, the arrow is shot into the air with a velocity of 30 m/s at an angle of 60° above the horizontal. We can use trigonometry to calculate the vertical component of the initial velocity (v_y) as v_y = v * sin(theta), where v is the initial velocity and theta is the angle. The height of the arrow can then be determined by using the equation h = v_y * t - 0.5 * g * t^2, where t is the time the arrow is in the air and g is the acceleration due to gravity. Plugging in the given values, we can solve for the height of the cliff.