Final answer:
To test if solution A has a higher water concentration than solution B, measuring osmolality and conducting an osmosis experiment using a selectively permeable membrane would be effective. If solution B has a higher osmolality, it indicates that it has a higher solute concentration and thus lower water concentration. Observing water movement across the membrane would further confirm the initial water concentration differences.
Step-by-step explanation:
To test Christopher's hypothesis that solution A has a higher water concentration than solution B, an appropriate experimental design would involve utilizing the concept of osmolality and tonicity, which relate to the concentration of solutes in a solution. One could measure the osmolality of both solutions, as osmolality is an indication of the number of solute particles per unit of solvent.
If solution B has a higher osmolality than solution A, it would mean that solution B is more concentrated, having more solute particles per unit of solvent and, thus, less water concentration. To further confirm the results, one could set up an experiment using a selectively permeable membrane through which water can diffuse, but solute particles cannot.
By placing the two solutions on either side of the membrane, one can observe the direction of water movement. If water moves from solution A to solution B, it would suggest that solution A had a higher initial water concentration (hypotonic) compared to solution B (hypertonic).
This experiment would demonstrate the principles of diffusion and osmosis, reinforcing the concept that water moves from a region of higher water concentration to one of lower water concentration until equilibrium (isotonic condition) is reached.