The correct answer is A. Report
Step-by-step explanation:
A report and an essay are both non-fictional texts mainly used in academic or formal contexts. In the case of reports, these aim at presenting facts including historical facts but do not include the opinion of the author, because of this reports only include reliable information and it is common they use charts, graphics, and similar to display information in a way it is easy to read. On the other hand, essays focus on a main claim or thesis statement that shows the position and opinion of the author and because of this they include arguments, facts, and evidence to support the specific claim but in most cases, they only include text rather than graphics.
Considering this, in the case of the topic "The origin of Australian shepherds" a report is more suitable because in this case, the main point is not to show the position of the author but to rely only on facts and create a text in which the reader can understand through dates and details the origin of Australian shepherds which is suitable with the features of reports.