Get the x terms by themselves on one side and a constant on the other side of the equal sign...
4x^2-8x=1 make the leading coefficient equal to one...
x^2-2x=1/4 now halve the linear coefficient, -2 in this case, square it, and add that value to both sides of the equation...-2/2=-1, -1^2=1 so
x^2-2x+1=1+1/4
x^2-2x+1=5/4 now the left side is a perfect square...
(x-1)^2=5/4 take the square root of both sides...
x-1=±√(5/4) add 1 to both sides
x=1±√(5/4)