A study was done on the graduation rates (graduate in 4 years versus did not graduate) from two university: Mode College and Median University. Data were collected for the year 2012 in a variety of majors and it was found that Mode College does better overall (i.e., has a higher percentage of students, who graduate in 4 years). However, in each of the majors separately, Median University does better
a. This is an example of Simpson's Paradox.
b. This is an example of a negative association between variables.
c. This situation is mathematically impossible.
d. Type of Major could be a lurking variable in this example.
e. Both (a.) and (d.) are correct.