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What innovations or changes helped bring about a change in women's roles in the 19th century?

User Alephao
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But anyways, before industrialism occurred, women remained subservient to the domestic sphere, remained subject to the patriarch. The Industrial Revolution slowly changed all that. Rise of urban living and economic developments changed family dynamics as more women were thrust into the labor force and contemporary politics. Activism also played a major part in women's roles due to technological changes. Factories (the mills particularly) motivated women to move from rural to urban areas as it provided independence.

That's all I could think of in the moment.
User Demp
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running water and electricity; couples were having less children, which gave them more free time; women started going to school, and they had the same jobs as men.
User Eirc
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