Final answer:
Root cause analysis is the process of investigating a problem to identify the underlying reason behind it, involving information gathering, expert insights, and analytical strategies to deal with the core issue.
Step-by-step explanation:
Analyzing the underlying causes is the process of root cause analysis. This analytical approach involves a deep dive into a problem or situation to identify the fundamental reason, or root cause, behind a problem. It's a crucial step because, without identifying the root cause, people may only address the surface-level symptoms rather than resolving the core issue. It often entails gathering information from various stakeholders, seeking expert information, and using analytical strategies to evaluate the reasonableness of an answer to a problem. Additionally, it involves considering both internal and external causes, analyzing various perspectives, and examining events in chronological order to accurately determine cause-and-effect relationships.