Answer:
Option D) shows quadratic variation.
Explanation:
We are given the following information in the question:
- Variation refers to a relationship between two variables.
- There are a number of different types of variation, such as direct variation or inverse variation.
- Quadratic variation to describe a way in which two variables relate to one another.
- We could write quadratic variation as:
, where k is a constant.
Option D) is an example of quadratic variation and can be explained as:
For k = 3

Hence, Option D) shows a relation of quadratic variation.