Answer:
1) Renewable energy use is heavily criticized and requires long-lasting cautious examination as it is quite arecent development (Adra, 2014)
Step-by-step explanation:
A paraphrase is made when you read an original text and after understanding it, I rewrite it using your own words, its own grammatical structure and its own diction, while maintaining the exact meaning that the original text presented. In this case, we can affirm that option 1, selected above, was the only one among the options that maintained the meaning of the original text, this option being the best paraphrase.
It is important to note that whenever a paraphrase is made, it is necessary that the author and the year of publication are referenced.