The Alien and Sedition Acts fueled Thomas Jefferson’s victory over John Adams in the 1800 presidential election.
The Alien and Sedition Acts were a series of acts - four laws - that were passed by the US Congress that restricted the activities of foreign residents in the US and limited freedom of speech and of the press. Those acts were passed because of the fear of the imminent war with France.
John Adams was the president and was from the Federalist Party - which supported a strong central government - because of that they passed those four laws that amongst other acts, increased residency requirements for US citizenships to 14 years from 5 years, permitted the government to arrest and deport all male citizens from an enemy nation, and aimed those who spoke out against Adams or the Federalist party.
Thomas Jefferson was from the Democratic-Republican Party and defended a stronger power to the states governments. The anger against the acts made Thomas Jefferson the winner of the election and was considered later one of the biggest mistakes of Adam’s presidency.