The correct answer is A. The energy change that happens when a neutral atom gains an electron
Step-by-step explanation:
In chemistry, an electron is a negatively charged particle that along with neutrons and protons form the atom and make an atom be positively charged, negatively charged or neutral. Additionally, electron affinity refers to the energy involved as in the transfer of electrons, especially as an atom that is neutral gains an electron and energy is released during this change. This occurs mainly in the gaseous state of atoms and implies the creation of bonds. Thus, electron affinity is the energy change as a neutral atom gains an electron (Option A).