Question

How does a polar covalent bond differ from a nonpolar covalent bond?

Answer 1

Polar covalent bond forms if there is electronegativity difference between elements involved in bonding.
Covalent bonding is non polar when electronegativity difference is elements involved is less.
Compounds with polar covalent bonds are soluble in polar solvent( example: H2O), whereas compounds with non polar covalent bonds dissolve in non polar solvents.

Hope this helps!

Answer 2

In a nonpolar covalent bond, atoms share electrons equally. So whenever you have 2 of the same kind of atom, they're going to share electrons equally because they have equal electronegativities.

A polar covalent bond is a chemical bond where a pair of electrons in the energy levels of a certain kind of atom are not equally distributed or shared shared between two atoms.