Final answer:
All cells, whether prokaryotic or eukaryotic, have a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, and ribosomes in common, which are critical for basic cellular functions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Within all cells, four common components are universally found: a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, and ribosomes. The plasma membrane encapsulates the cell, creating a boundary between the internal environment and the outside world. The cytoplasm is a jelly-like substance that fills the cell and holds various cellular structures. DNA, present in every cell, serves as the genetic blueprint for the organism. Ribosomes are crucial for protein synthesis, making proteins that the cell uses for various functions. While all cells share these components, prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells have distinct structures, such as the lack of a membrane-bound nucleus in prokaryotes.