President Woodrow Wilson's political philosophy included all of the following EXCEPT
a. A stubborn commitment to particular progressive principles and an aversion to pragmatic political compromise
b. Scorn for the ability of peoples in other countries to govern themselves
c. A belief that the president should provide leadership for Congress
d. A belief that the president should go over the heads of legislators and appeal to the sovereign people
e. A belief in the central importance of morality in politics