The percentage increase is 50%
Here, we want to calculate the percentage increase or decrease
To know if it is a decrease or an increase, we use the following simple logic.
If new amount is greater than original amount, then it is an increase.
If new amout is less than original amount, then it is a decrease
For the first question, we can see that the new amount is greater than the old amount
This indicates an increase
Mathematically;
According to the first question, new amount = 45 while old amount = 30
so;
percentage increase = (45-30)/30 * 100%
= 15/30 * 100% = 100%/2 = 50%