Question

QUESTION 2

Which of the following statements is NOT correct about Einstein's equation, E = mc2?

In the equation, E stands for energy, m stands for mass, and c stands for the speed of light.

The equation shows that the mass of the products is always equal to that of the reactants.

The equation shows how changes in matter are related to changes in energy.

The equation shows how energy can be produced or consumed by an accompanying change in mass.
3 points Save Answer
QUESTION 3

The equation, E= mc2, is usually used for nuclear reactions and not for chemical reactions, because:

the amount of energy released in nuclear reactions is so much larger than the energy released in chemical reactions

the amount of energy released in nuclear reactions is so much smaller than the energy released in chemical reactions

the amount of energy released in nuclear and chemical reactions is about the same, but Einstein only measured nuclear reaction energies

Einstein derived the equation after nuclear reactions were well-known
3 points Save Answer
QUESTION 4

The law of conservation of mass is not useful since it does not apply to nuclear reactions.

TRUE

FALSE
2 points Save Answer
QUESTION 5

In both nuclear fission and nuclear fusion reactions, energy is converted to mass.

TRUE

FALSE
2 points Save Answer
QUESTION 6

The mass "lost" during a nuclear reaction is used to convert energy into mass.

TRUE

FALSE
2 points Save Answer
QUESTION 7

In a nuclear reaction, the mass defect value = 0.0304 kilograms. What amount of energy, in joules, does this loss in mass represent? (1 J = 1 kg m2/s2)

2.74 x 1015 J

9.00 x 1018 J

9.00 x 1010 J

6.04 x 1014 J
3 points Save Answer
QUESTION 8

If 3.0 kilograms of gasoline were burned in a car engine, they would yield 140,000,000 joules, which is a tremendous amount of energy. However, burning the gasoline only produces a chemical change. Convert those 3.0 kilograms of gasoline completely into energy, using Einstein's equation. (1 J = 1 kg m2/s2)

2.7 x 1017 kg m2/s2

2.7 x 1015 kg m2/s2

9.0 x 108 kg m2/s2

3.3 x 10-16 kg m2/s2
3 points Save Answer
QUESTION 9

In a nuclear reaction, the energy released is 3.0 x 1020 joules. To what mass does this amount of energy equate? (1 J = 1 kg m2/s2)

2.7 x 1036 kg

1.0 x 1012 kg

3.3 x 103 kg

2.7 x 10-4 kg
3 points Save Answer
QUESTION 10

How many joules of energy are produced when 3.0 x 10-28 kilograms of mass are lost? (1 J = 1 kg m2/s2)

9.0 x 1016 J

9.0 x 1044 J

2.7 x 10-11 J

3.0 x 1012 J
3 points Save Answer
QUESTION 11

What is the average binding energy per nucleon for a U-238 nucleus with a mass defect of 0.184 amu? (1 amu= 1.66 x 10-27 kg; 1 J = 1 kg m2/s2)

2.38 x 10-30 J

2.75 x 10-11 J

1.01 x 10-20 J

1.16 x 10-13 J

ples answr fr pnts thnx you

Answer 1

2) The equation shows how changes in matter are related to changes in energy.

3) the amount of energy released in nuclear reactions is so much larger than the energy released in chemical reactions

4) False

5) True

6) True

7) E = mc²
E = (0.0304)(3*10^8)²
E = 2.736 * 10^15 J

8) E = Mc²
E = 3 kg * (3 * 10⁸ m/s²
E = 3 kg * 9 * 10¹⁶ m/s²
E = 27 * 10¹⁶ kg-m/s²
E = 2.7 * 10¹⁷ kg-m/s²

9) 3 * 10²⁰ = m * 3 * 10⁸
m = 3 * 10²⁰ / 3 * 10⁸
m = 10¹² Kg

10) E = (3 * 10⁻²⁸)(3 * 10⁸)²
E = 3 * 10⁻²⁸ * 9 * 10¹⁶
E = 27 * 10⁻¹²
E = 2.7 * 10⁻¹¹ J

Hope this helps!

Answer 2

2) Answer;

The equation shows that the mass of the products is always equal to that of the reactants.

Step-by-step explanation;

• Einstein's equation E=mc²; where the E stands for energy and the m stands for mass, a measurement of the quantity of matter. From the equation energy and matter are interchangeable. Energy is equivalent to matter multiplied by the speed of light squared.
• The grand total remains constant, but energy regularly changes form into matter and matter into energy. Einstein's equation gave rise to various advances in technology technological, from nuclear power and nuclear medicine to the inner workings of the sun. The equation tells us that matter and energy are one.

3. Answer;

The amount of energy released in nuclear reactions is so much larger than the energy released in chemical reactions

Explanation;

• Nuclear reactions such as nuclear fission and fusion release much larger energy as compared to chemical reactions because tremendous amounts of energy is released at one time.
• In nuclear reactions, for example nuclear fission, when an atom is split inside a nuclear power plant or an atomic bomb, the resulting energy releases at the speed of light.
• E = mc2 is the key to understanding why and how energy is released in nuclear reactions. The equation relates to the reductions in mass and the numerous production of energy that occur in nuclear reactions.

4. Answer:

The above statement is TRUE

Step-by-step explanation;

• The Law of conservation of mass states that during any physical or chemical change, the total mass of the products is equal to the total mass of reactants provided.
• Nuclear reactions violate the law of conservation of mass. For instance the nuclear fusion reactions occurring in the sun as a result of fusion between hydrogen nuclei causing formation of helium nuclei. The conservation of mass is not observed as some mass is converted to energy.

5. Answer;

The statement "In both nuclear fission and nuclear fusion reactions, energy is converted to mass" is FALSE

Step-by-step explanation;

• Instead, mass is converted to energy during both nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.

• Nuclear fission and nuclear fusion are the two types of nuclear reactions. Nuclear fusion involves the combining of two small nuclei to form a larger nuclei coupled with the release of energy. Nuclear fission on the other hand involves the splitting of a heavy larger nuclei to yield smaller nuclei and is also coupled with the release of energy.
• In nuclear fission, the resultant products have a slightly smaller nuclear mass as compared to heavy nucleus. This difference in mass is because some mass is converted to energy during the fission.
• Similarly in nuclear fusion some of the mass of the initial nuclei is converted into energy in the form of heat or light.

6. Answer;

The above statement is FALSE

Step-by-step explanation;

• In nuclear reactions some mass is converted into energy. The mass "lost" is NOT used to convert energy into mass.
• In nuclear fission, the resultant products have a slightly smaller nuclear mass as compared to heavy nucleus. This difference in mass is because some mass is converted to energy during the fission.
• Similarly in nuclear fusion some of the mass of the initial nuclei is converted into energy in the form of heat or light.

7. Answer;

=2.736 * 10^15 J

Solution;

E = mc² ; where E is the energy in joules, m is the mass in kg, and c is the speed of light (m/s).

Mass = 0.0304 kg

E = (0.0304)(3×10^8)²

Energy = 2.736 × 10^15 J

oules

8. Answer;

= 2.7 × 10¹⁷ Joules

Solution;

E = mc²; where E is the energy in joules, m is the mass in kg, and c is the speed of light (3.0 10^8 m/s).

Mass = 3 kg

E = 3 kg × (3 × 10⁸ m/s)²

E = 3 kg × 9 × 10¹⁶ m/s²

E = 27 × 10¹⁶ joules

Energy = 2.7 × 10¹⁷ joules

9. Answer;

m = 3.3 × 10³ Kg

Solution;

E = mc² ; where E is the energy in joules, m is the mass in kg, and c is the speed of light (m/s).

Energy = 3 × 10^20 Joules

Thus; 3 × 10²⁰ = m × (3 * 10^8)²

m = 3 × 10²⁰ / 9 × 10^16

m = 3.3 × 10³Kg

10. Answer;

E = 2.7 × 10⁻¹¹ Joules

Solution;

E = mc²; where E is the energy in joules, m is the mass in kg, and c is the speed of light (m/s).

Mass = 3 × 10^-18 kg

E = (3 × 10⁻²⁸)(3 × 10⁸)²

E = 3 × 10⁻²⁸ × 9 × 10¹⁶

E = 27 × 10⁻¹²

E = 2.7 × 10⁻¹¹ Joules

11. Answer;

= 2. 75x 10^-11 Joules

Solution

Given that; 1 amu= 1.66 x 10-27 kg; 1 J = 1 kg m2/s2)

Mass = 0.184 x 1.66 x10^-27

= 3.054 x 10^-28 kg

E = mc^2

E = 3.054 x 10^-28 kg x (3.0 x10^8 m/s)^2

= 3.054 x 10^-28 kg x 9.0 x 10^16

Energy = 2. 75x 10^-11 Joules