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Why did congress pass the thirteenth and fourteeth amendment

User Blork
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The 14th Amendment to the Constitution was ratified on July 9, 1868, and granted citizenship to “all persons born or naturalized in the United States,” which included former slaves recently freed.
User Ankit Kumar Namdeo
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Both of those amendments were passed post civil war period to expand and protect the rights of emancipated (freed) slaves. 

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