Final answer:
The economic policies of the Republican-controlled Congress redefined the character of the federal government by favoring business interests, reducing taxes for the wealthy, and cutting government spending.
Step-by-step explanation:
The economic policies of the Republican-controlled Congress in the 1920s and during George W. Bush's presidency redefined the character of the federal government by favoring business interests, reducing taxes for the wealthy, and cutting government spending. These policies included raising tariffs to protect US businesses, lowering tax rates for the wealthiest Americans, and reducing regulations on businesses, among others. These changes shifted the government's focus towards promoting economic growth and reducing the role of government in regulating the economy.