The correct answers are:
1. succeeded James Madison as president
James Monroe
2. opposed the Tariff of 1816
Daniel Webster
3. obtained Florida from the Spanish
Andrew Jackson
4. proposed construction of the Erie Canal
DeWitt Clinton
5. strengthened the influence of the Supreme Court
John Marshall
6. supported the Tariff of 1816
John C. Calhoun
7. the Secretary of State who supported the Monroe Doctrine
John Quincy Adams
1-James Madison was the 4th President of the United States (1809-1817) and was succeeded by James Monroe (1817-1825).
After the war of 1812 there was a large trade deficit with Great Britain. The Secretary of the Treasury of James Adams, Alexander Dallas proposed to implement an increase of the customs tariffs that duplicated the effective ones in that moment.
2-Daniel Webster was an important member of the House of Representatives for the State of New England who strongly opposed the implementation of the Tariffs of 1816 and the protectionist economic model called American System.
3-General Andrew Jackson, who later held the position of President (1829-1837), commanded a Georgian-based army that defended the borders of the Union and made several incursions into northwest Florida as part of the Seminole wars (1817-1818) managing to invade a large part of the territory. This allowed Secretary of State John Quincy Adams during the government of James Monroe, to negotiate on favorable terms the Secession of the Territory of Las Floridas by Spain to the United States through the Treaty of Adams-Onís.
4-DeWitt Clinton was a governor of the State of New York (1817-1822) famous for the concretion of major infrastructure works during his tenure. It highlights the work called Canal de Erie that currently joins the Great Lakes with the Atlantic Ocean.
5-John Marshall fue Presidente de la Corte Suprema (1801-1835) y realizó importantes reformas jurídicas y judiciales. Su propósito fue fundamental para consolidar el sistema institucional de la Nación y la máxima importancia en el cumplimiento de la Constitución.
6-South Carolina representative John C. Calhoun called for national unity through the interdependence between industry and the commercialization of raw materials and requested that the United States industry be protected.
7-On the other hand John Quincy Adams also during the presidency of James Monroe drafted the Monroe Doctrine, which was a policy of support to the Latin American countries against the colonial occupation of the European powers.