Final answer:
Neville Chamberlain signed the Munich Agreement in an attempt to avoid war with Germany through appeasement. However, this policy failed when Hitler continued his aggression and World War II started.
Step-by-step explanation:
British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain signed the Munich Agreement because he believed that it would bring peace and avoid a war with Germany. The Munich Agreement was signed on September 30, 1938, after negotiations between Chamberlain, Hitler, Daladier, and Mussolini. Chamberlain hoped that by appeasing Hitler and granting him certain territorial concessions, further aggression could be avoided. However, this policy of appeasement ultimately failed, as Hitler later went on to seize the rest of Czechoslovakia in March 1939, and World War II began.