The correct answers are:
They consist primarily of variables.
They are often called formulas.
They often describe real-world relationships.
Step-by-step explanation:
Literal equations are defined as "equations in more than 1 variable whose variables represent specific quantities."
This means that literal equations consist mostly of variables.
Since the variables represent specific quantities, this means they typically represent real-life situations.
Since they represent real-life situations, these equations are often formulas for things in the real world (such as area, volume, perimeter, circumference, etc.)