Question

Write equations for the ionization of hno3 in water and the reaction of co32- with water. for each equation, identify the hydrogen-ion donor and hydrogen-ion acceptor. then label the conjugate acid-base pairs in each equation.

Answer 1

Chemical reaction 1: HNO₃(aq) + H₂O(l) → NO₃⁻(aq) + H₃O⁺(aq).
Chemical reaction 2: CO₃²⁻(aq) + H₂O(l) → HCO₃⁻(aq) + OH⁻(aq).
According to Bronsted-Lowry theory acid are donor of protons and bases are acceptors of protons (the hydrogen cation or H⁺).
In first reaction:
1) HNO₃(nitric acid) is hydrogen-ion donor and water is hydrogen-ion acceptor.
2) HNO₃ is acid and NO₃⁻ is conjugate base.
In second reaction:
1) water is hydrogen-ion donor and CO₃²⁻ hydrogen-ion acceptor.
2) CO₃²⁻ is base and HCO₃⁻ is conjugate acid.