The answer is C: Growth of shantytowns
Poverty in Latin American countries has driven millions of people from rural areas to cities in search for better means of income.
However, expensive real-estate, low income and an influx of such a large population has given rise to numerous Shanty Towns in Latin American cities.
In some of the largest cities such as Brasilia, Buenos Aires, Rio de Janeiro, Santiago, and São Paulo, Shantytowns are a fixed feature of the city.