Hello there!
In 1990s, the U.S place an embargo on Iraq to punish Iraq for disrupting the oil trade.
Thus,
The correct answer is the second option.
For the second question, I am not 100% sure but I think it is because U.S was protecting Israel. Even right now, they still have a strong relationship.
Thus,
The correct answer is D
I hope this helps. Let me know if you have any questions!