Final answer:
Cell-mediated immunity involves T cells attacking infected cells, while humoral immunity involves B cells and antibodies targeting extracellular pathogens. Humoral immunity has memory cells for quicker secondary responses.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cell-mediated immunity differs from humoral immunity in that it involves T cells which directly attack and destroy infected or cancerous cells within the body. This type of immunity focuses on intracellular pathogens that have already entered cells. The humoral immune response primarily involves B cells and the production of antibodies to target pathogens in extracellular spaces, such as the bloodstream and lymph system. Unlike cell-mediated immunity, humoral immunity features memory cells that can promptly respond to subsequent exposures to the same pathogen. Notably, both types of immunity can have long-lasting protective effects, but they employ different mechanisms and have different response times.