Final answer:
Species found exclusively in one location are called endemic species, such as the koala in Australia and the Venus flytrap in parts of the Carolinas. Generalist species have a broader range, like raccoons in North America. Endemic species are a vital focus for ecologists studying biogeography and biodiversity patterns.
Step-by-step explanation:
Species found in only one place on Earth are called endemic species. Endemic species are found naturally in specific geographic areas that are usually restricted in size. An excellent example of an endemic species is the koala, which is found only in Australia. On the other hand, generalist species, like the raccoon, are found in a wide range of geographical locations and are native to most of North and Central America. Ecologists who study biogeography examine patterns of species distribution, and endemic species are a key focus because of their unique presence in particular regions. For instance, the Venus flytrap is endemic to a small area in North and South Carolina, and some plants, such as the forest gardenia endemic to Hawaii, are endangered due to human activity.