Answer:
The Republic of Iraq was established in 1958, with the overthrow of Faisal II, King of the Arab Federation of Iraq and Jordan, and previously of the Kingdom of Iraq. Its first president was Muhammad Najib ar-Ruba'i and its 1st Prime Minister was Abdul Karim Qasim.
The Republic declared itself with the July 14 Revolution, which overthrew Faisal II, but the Federation with Jordan existed de jure until August 2, when Jordan formally renounced sovereignty over Iraq. The decade that lasted the republic was characterized by violent coups and political instability. The First Republic ended with the rise of the Baath Socialist Party to power in the Revolution of July 17 in 1968, beginning the period of Baathist Iraq. However, the name Republic of Iraq remained the official name of the country and continues to be so to this day.