The correct answer is D.
The root of the first two-parties system that arose can be found in the Federalist and Anti-Federalist struggle, who held an opposing view in the debate on the constitution about how much control the government should have. The Federalists won and the Constitution was ratified in 1887. But during the next decade, under the government of George Washington, two coalitions formed, one around the figure of Alexander Hamilton, the Secretary of Treasury, who supported a vision of a strong federal government, and the other around James Madison who thought that it was already too strong. The first was called the Federalist party and the second was called the Democrat-Republican party.