Final answer:
By 1860, free black men had the same voting rights as whites only in five New England states: Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont.
Step-by-step explanation:
By 1860, free black men could vote on the same basis as whites only in five New England states. These states were Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont, which allowed African Americans to vote without significant restrictions.
In contrast, other states either explicitly denied blacks the right to vote, required property qualifications that were prohibitive, or in the case of New York, instituted property requirements specifically for black voters that were not applied to white voters. Thus, the early nineteenth century saw an expansion of voting rights for white men, but concurrently placed new restrictions or maintained existing ones on the voting rights of free black men.