Question

An early biomedical treatment for mental illness called _____ involved primitive surgery on the brain, presumably as a treatment to allow evil spirits to leave the body.

Answer 1

Mental illness which is called trephining involved in primitive surgery on the brain.
Trephine is an instrument used for cutting out a round piece of skull bone.
We can say that trepanation is the oldest surgical procedure which has archaeological evidence.
Many of trephined crania belong to adult males and be represented by women and children.

Answer 2

Answer: Trephining

Primitive surgery on the brain is called trephining, where hole is drill into human skull exposing the dura mater to treat mental illness related to intracranial diseases and to release pressured blood build-up from a head injury. In ancient times, burr hole was created to allow evil spirits to leave the body of a person who was behaving abnormally and the bone from the trepanned was worn to keep evil spirits away.