1. Cromwell was an English leader born in 1599. He was able to serve the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland starting 1653 (he continued serving it until he died on 1658). Among the choices, we could best identify Cromwell as the Authoritarian Leader of Commonwealth.
2. James I of England, also known as James VI when he was King of Scotland from 1567 (until he died), was also the King of England and Ireland. It was during his reign when England and Scotland had one monarch for the first time. His work inspired the theory on Absolute Monarchy.
3. Charles I, like James I, was also a monarch of England, Scotland, and Ireland. He was James I's son and ultimately the heir to the throne. During his reign he opposed the Parliament of England, acting like a dictator and practicing Absolute Monarchy.
4. William III was the son of Charles I and therefore inherited the throne and reigned as a monarch. The Parliament of England passed the Bill of Rights. This led to the restriction of the monarchy. This means that William III was leading under the Constitutional Monarchy.
5. Mary II was a descendant of James II although she was an heir at the same time William III was, so they both reigned as joint monarchs. As mentioned in the previous item, William III was ruling under a Constitutional Monarchy therefore Mary II would also be reigning under one.