Question

A pair of students standard a sodium hydroxide solution using KHP and obtain the following concentrations: 0.1028 M, 0.1031 M, 0.1200 M, 0.1030 M and 0.1026 M. The students suspect that 0.1200 M is an outlier. Is 0.1200 M an outlier and what is the average concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution

Answer 1

0.1200M is an outlier.

Average = 0.1063M

Step-by-step explanation:

An outlier is defined as a value that is atypical based on the other observations.

We can define an outlier as a value that is out of the average ± Standard desviation.

The average of the values is:

(0.1028 M + 0.1031 M + 0.1200 M + 0.1030 M + 0.1026 M) / 5

Average = 0.1063M

Computing the standard desviation, σ:

σ = 0.0077

The interval of accepted values is between:

0.1063 + 0.0077 = 0.1140M

0.1063 - 0.0077 = 0.0986M

As 0.1200M is out of this intercal, this value is an outlier

The definition of outlier depends of the author and the values you are studying.