Question

Match the following terms and definitions. 1. microtubules and microfilaments that support and shape the cell chloroplasts 2. tiny structures that conduct protein synthesis vacuoles 3. semipermeable layer that surrounds all cells flagella 4. cell extensions used for cell mobility and movement ribosomes 5. storage sacs endoplasmic reticulum (ER) 6. traps solar energy for photosynthesis plasma membrane 7. tubes that transport molecules from the nucleus to the cytoplasm cytoskeleton

Answer 1

1. Cytoskeleton--Microtubules and microfilaments that support and shape the cell. Cytoskeleton is a complex network of interlinking tubules and filaments that extend through out the cytoplasm.

2. Ribosomes--Tiny structures that conduct protein synthesis.

3. Plasma membrane--semipermeable layer that surrounds a cell. Cell membrane is a biological membrane that separates the inside of a cell from the outside environment.

4. Flagella--Cell extensions used for cell mobility and movement. Flagellum is a hairlike structure that act as an organelle for locomotion in the cells of many living organisms.

5. Vacuoles--storage sacs, Vacuoles are normally found in all plants and fungal cells as well as the cells of animals protists and bacteria.

6. Chloroplasts--traps solar energy for photosynthesis.

7. Endoplasmic reticulum--tubes that transport molecules from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.

Answer 2

1. Cytoskeleton; Microtubules and microfilaments that support and shape the cell. Cytoskeleton is a complex network of interlinking tubules and filaments that extend through out the cytoplasm. They have three different functions; they make up the centrioles in a cell, they are the base of both flagella and cilia, they also function as the pathway that the transport vesicles move along.

2. Ribosomes;Tiny structures that conduct protein synthesis. Ribosomes are complex molecules that are made up of the small ribosomal subunits, which reads the RNA, and the large sub units which joins the amino acids to form a polypeptide chain thus forming proteins. These subunits are made of one or more ribosomal RNA and also a variety of ribosomal proteins.

3. Plasma membrane; semipermeable layer that surrounds a cell. Cell membrane is a biological membrane that separates the inside of a cell from the outside environment. It is made up of a lipid bilayer with proteins embedded. The membrane protects the cell from the surroundings and also selectively allows movement of materials in and out of the cell.

4. Flagella; Cell extensions used for cell mobility and movement. Flagellum is a hairlike structure that act as an organelle for locomotion in the cells of many living organisms. It is also often has a function as a sensory organelle, being sensitive to chemicals and temperatures outside the cell.

5. Vacuoles; storage sacs, Vacuoles are normally found in all plants and fungal cells as well as the cells of animals protists and bacteria. They are enclosed compartments filled with both organic and inorganic molecules, along with water to support the organelle.

6. Chloroplasts; traps solar energy for photosynthesis. Chloroplasts are double membrane structures within the cells of plants and green algae, which serve as site for photosynthesis, the process in which light energy is converted to chemical energy, resulting in the production of simple sugars and oxygen.

7. Endoplasmic reticulum; tubes that transport molecules from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. This is an organelle found in eukaryotic cells, that forms a series of flattened sacs within the cytoplasm and serves in the synthesis, folding, modification and transportation of proteins. There are two types; the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.