Final answer:
The Crusades resulted in urbanization, the establishment of guilds, the rise of a middle class, the division of labor, the standardization of money and measures, and changes in the practice of usury, all of which marked significant economic changes in medieval Europe.
Step-by-step explanation:
Economic Changes Caused by the Crusades:
Various factors represent economic changes caused by the Crusades-
- Urbanization: The growth of cities due to increased trade and wealth from the East.
- Guilds: These were associations of craftsmen and merchants who controlled the practice of their craft in a town, leading to improved economic organization.
- The Middle Class: The Crusades contributed to the rise of a wealthy and powerful merchant class that sat between the nobles and peasants.
- Division of Labor: Increased economic activity led to specialization in different trades and professions.
- Money & the Weights & Measure Systems: The need for standardized money and measures grew with the expansion of trade.
- Usury: The practice of charging interest on loans grew due to increased economic activity, altering the financial landscape.