Final answer:
Mitosis is a cell division process resulting in two genetically identical daughter cells and is essential for growth and maintenance of complex organisms. It consists of prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, followed by cytokinesis.
Step-by-step explanation:
Process of Mitosis
Mitosis is a form of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth. Mitosis is composed of several stages:
Prophase: Chromosomes condense, spindle fibers form, and the nuclear envelope breaks down.
Metaphase: Chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate.
Anaphase: Sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles.
Telophase: Chromatids arrive at poles, nuclear membranes re-form, and chromosomes decondense.
After telophase, cytokinesis occurs, dividing the cytoplasm into two separate cells.
Cellular Differentiation
Cellular differentiation is the process by which a cell becomes specialized in order to perform a specific function. As a cell differentiates, it undergoes changes in its physiological and morphological characteristics to meet the demands of its specific role. This specialization is vital for the organization and functionality of complex organisms, which are made up of a vast array of specialized cell types.
Mitosiss Role in Organisms
Mitotic cell division plays a crucial role in growth, maintenance, and repair within an organism. It allows for complexity as cells divide and differentiate to form the various tissues necessary for life.