Final answer:
A social cause of the Haitian Revolution was the massive slave rebellion against White plantation owners, fueled by the belief that France had outlawed slavery and united by the shared spiritual practice of Vodou.
Step-by-step explanation:
One social cause of the Haitian Revolution was the enslaved rebellion against White planters. The internal strife within Saint-Domingue's society, driven by racial and class tensions, contributed to the revolutionary fervor. News that France had purportedly outlawed slavery fueled the drive for rebellion among the enslaved, leading to a unified movement against their oppressors. Furthermore, the influence of Vodou provided a spiritual framework that united different ethnic groups of enslaved Africans in revolt.
This religious belief system, which was a mixture of Roman Catholic and indigenous West African practices, played a significant role in the revolutionary struggle. By forging a collective identity among the enslaved population, Vodou facilitated large-scale coordination and helped to propel the revolution. Ultimately, the revolt initiated by Toussaint Louverture and Jean-Jacques Dessalines led to the establishment of Haiti as a free republic in 1804, making it a striking example of an oppressed group successfully overthrowing a colonial regime.