Answer:
18.1%
Explanation:
The markup is the difference that exists between the price that a product had and its "real" price as a percentage of the cost. This markup is what brings profit to a seller.
In this example the cost of changing the oil to the shop is $27. However, the oil change is sold to people at $40. This means that there is a difference of:
40 - 27 = 13
$13 represents 48.1% of $27, which means that the percent of markup is 48.1%