If we are given function f(x) vertical translation is done by adding number to end of formula for translation to up or substracting number for translation to down.
f(x) + a OR f(x) - a
Horizontal translation is done by adding number next to x variable for translation to left or substracting number for translation to right.
f(x+a) OR f(x-a)
We need to translate function
5 units to the left and 4 units up. That means that we need to add 5 next to x and add 4 to end of function. The result is:
