The total patient care model requires a greater number of registered nurses to provide the care. This results in increased costs, making the model less cost-effective. Continuity of care is a problem if the registered nurse is unable to communicate the patient's needs. In the team nursing model, the team leader needs to take time to delegate work. The total patient care model does not have a lack of collaboration; rather the model allows a high degree of collaboration with other healthcare team members. In the primary nursing model, the associate nurse cannot change the care plan without discussing it with the primary nurse.Building an