Final answer:
Essential nutrients necessary for human nutrition include carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, water, vitamins, and minerals. These are categorized into macronutrients needed in larger amounts and micronutrients required in smaller amounts but are vital for body processes like tissue maintenance and blood clotting.
Step-by-step explanation:
The essential nutrients for proper human nutrition include six major classes: carbohydrates, proteins, lipids (fats), water, vitamins, and minerals. These substances are deemed essential because they cannot be synthesized by the body and must be obtained from food.
Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids are considered macronutrients, which the body requires in larger quantities for energy and body building. Conversely, vitamins and minerals are categorized as micronutrients, needed in smaller amounts but crucial for various body processes, including maintaining connective tissue and enabling blood clotting with the help of vitamins such as vitamin A and vitamin K, respectively.
It is important to note that while the body cannot store micronutrients, they must be consumed regularly to support bodily function. Vitamins and minerals are critical for ensuring regulation and good health, aiding in processes such as maintaining a stable nervous system and blood clotting.