Final answer:
Probability measures the likelihood of an event occurring, with values between 0 (impossible) to 1 (certain). A probability closer to 0 implies unlikeliness, one-half means equal likelihood, and closer to 1 suggests high likelihood. The probabilities in a uniform sample space are equal for all outcomes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Probabilities are mathematical measures between 0 and 1. A probability of 0 means an event will not occur, or it is impossible for the event to happen. Conversely, if the probability is equal to one, it means the event will definitely happen. When it's unlikely that the event will occur, the probability is closer to zero. If there's an equal chance the event will occur or not, the probability is one-half (0.5). For events that are very likely to occur, the probability is closer to one. A sample space is considered uniform when all the possible outcomes have equal probabilities.
To calculate the probability of an event A in a uniform sample space, count the number of outcomes for event A and divide by the total number of outcomes in the sample space. This is the theoretical probability of A. For example, when tossing a fair coin, there is an equal likelihood of landing on heads or tails, which are mutually exclusive events, each with a probability of 0.5, and together they form the sample space with a total probability of 1.